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Adelaide, Eastern Cape

Coordinates: 32°42′28″S 26°17′44″E / 32.70778°S 26.29556°E / -32.70778; 26.29556
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Adelaide
Dutch Reformed Church in Adelaide
Dutch Reformed Church in Adelaide
Adelaide is located in Eastern Cape
Adelaide
Adelaide
Adelaide is located in South Africa
Adelaide
Adelaide
Adelaide is located in Africa
Adelaide
Adelaide
Coordinates: 32°42′28″S 26°17′44″E / 32.70778°S 26.29556°E / -32.70778; 26.29556
CountrySouth Africa
ProvinceEastern Cape
DistrictAmathole
MunicipalityRaymond Mhlaba
Area
 • Total40.0 km2 (15.4 sq mi)
Elevation
600 m (2,000 ft)
Population
 (2011)[1]
 • Total12,191
 • Density300/km2 (790/sq mi)
Racial makeup (2011)
 • Black African76.5%
 • Coloured18.8%
 • Indian/Asian0.5%
 • White3.5%
 • Other0.8%
First languages (2011)
 • Xhosa72.3%
 • Afrikaans22.6%
 • English3.0%
 • Other2.1%
Time zoneUTC+2 (SAST)
Postal code (street)
5760
PO box
5760
Area code046

Adelaide is a rural town and farming area in the province of Eastern Cape, South Africa. Adelaide is situated at the foothills of the Great Winterberg mountain range, 22 kilometres (14 mi) east of Bedford and 37 kilometres (23 mi) west of Fort Beaufort.

History

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Before European arrival

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The modern day area of Adelaide was first inhabited by Bushmen and Xhosa people (estimated around 1530 to 1760), but in the late 18th and 19th century white farmer settlers arrived here. Some Bushmen were displaced while some intermarried with Xhosa people such as the Gqunukhwebe, Gqwashu and Sukwini people.

Colonial Adelaide

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Adelaide's origins date back to 1835 when a British officer named Captain Alexander Boswell Armstrong (1787–1862) established a military encampment which he named Fort Adelaide after Adelaide of Saxe-Meiningen, wife of King William IV. Despite the earlier English settlers, who were part of the 1820 Settlers, later on a large number of both Scottish and Afrikaans people soon immigrated here too. The Scottish were also the first to erect a church in the local area.

Modern day Adelaide

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Adelaide is an important centre for wool and sheep farming. Beef, mutton, venison, and citrus fruit are also important products. The specialised abattoir for venison (farm-hunted game meat) operating in the central town provides much needed employment to the local residents.

About 2,300 of the San-Bushmen's faraway descendants, the Westernised Coloureds, reside in the Bezuidenhoutville township 3 kilometres (1.9 mi) from the central town, and represent 19% of Adelaide's inhabitants. Lingelethu is the largest Black African township in Adelaide, with a census exceeding 6,000[1] and a population share of 77% of the municipal area.

References

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  1. ^ a b c d e Sum of the Main Places Adelaide and Lingelethu from Census 2011.