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List of mental disorders

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The following is a list of mental disorders as defined at any point by the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) or the International Classification of Diseases (ICD). A mental disorder, also known as a mental illness, mental health condition, or psychiatric disorder, is characterized by a pattern of behavior or mental function that significantly impairs personal functioning or causes considerable distress.[1]

The DSM, a classification and diagnostic guide published by the American Psychiatric Association, includes over 450 distinct definitions of mental disorders.[2] Meanwhile, the ICD, published by the World Health Organization, stands as the international standard for categorizing all medical conditions, including sections on mental and behavioral disorders.[3]

Revisions and updates are periodically made to the diagnostic criteria and descriptions in the DSM and ICD to reflect current understanding and consensus within the mental health field. The list includes conditions currently recognized as mental disorders according to these systems. There is ongoing debate among mental health professionals, including psychiatrists, about the definitions and criteria used to delineate mental disorders. There is particular concern over whether certain conditions should be classified as "mental illnesses" or might more accurately be described as neurological disorders or in other terms.[4]

Anxiety disorders

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Dissociative disorders

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Mood disorders

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Depressive disorders

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Bipolar disorders

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Neuro-developmental disorders

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Sleep-wake disorders

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Parasomnias

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Circadian rhythm sleep disorder

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Neuro-cognitive disorders

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Disorders due to use of alcohol

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Disorders due to use of cannabis

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Disorders due to use of synthetic cannabinoids

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Disorders due to use of opioids

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Disorders due to use of sedative, hypnotic or anxiolytic

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Disorders due to use of Cocaine

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Disorders due to use of Amphetamines

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Disorders due to use of synthetic cathinone

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Disorders due to use of caffeine

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Disorders due to use of hallucinogens

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Disorders due to use of nicotine

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Disorders due to use of volatile inhalants

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Disorders due to use of dissociative drugs including ketamine and phencyclidine (PCP)

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Paraphilias

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Sexual dysfunctions

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Elimination disorders

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Feeding and eating disorders

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Disruptive impulse-control, and conduct disorders

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Schizophrenia spectrum and other psychotic disorders

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Personality disorders

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Cluster A (Odd, Eccentric)

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Cluster B (Dramatic, Erratic)

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Cluster C (Fearful, Anxious)

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Not otherwise specified (PD-NOS)

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Other

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  • Gender dysphoria (also known as gender integrity disorder or gender incongruence, there are different categorizations for children and non-children in the ICD-11)
  • Medication-induced movement disorders and other adverse effects of medication
  • Catatonia
  • Culture-bound syndrome

See also

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References

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  1. ^ Bolton, Derek (2008). What is mental disorder? an essay in philosophy, science, and values. International perspectives in philosophy and psychiatry. Oxford ; New York: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-856592-5. OCLC 174094316.
  2. ^ American Psychiatric Association, ed. (2022). Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition, Text Revision (DSM-5-TR). Washington, DC, USA: American Psychiatric Publishing. ISBN 978-0890425756.
  3. ^ "International Classification of Diseases (ICD)". World Health Organization. Archived from the original on 12 February 2014.
  4. ^ Sachdev, Perminder S.; Blacker, Deborah; Blazer, Dan G.; Ganguli, Mary; Jeste, Dilip V.; Paulsen, Jane S.; Petersen, Ronald C. (November 2014). "Classifying neurocognitive disorders: the DSM-5 approach". Nature Reviews Neurology. 10 (11): 634–642. doi:10.1038/nrneurol.2014.181. ISSN 1759-4758. PMID 25266297.