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Edmund Gibson

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Edmund Gibson
Bishop of London
Edmund Gibson by John Vanderbank
ChurchChurch of England
DioceseDiocese of London
Elected1723
Term ended1748 (death)
PredecessorJohn Robinson
SuccessorThomas Sherlock
Other post(s)Bishop of Lincoln
1716–1720
Archdeacon of Surrey
1710–1716
Orders
Consecrationc. 1716
Personal details
Born1669 (1669)
Died6 September 1748(1748-09-06) (aged 78–79)
BuriedAll Saints Church, Fulham
NationalityBritish
DenominationAnglican
ProfessionLatin scholar
Alma materQueen's College, Oxford

Edmund Gibson (1669 – 6 September 1748) was a British divine who served as Bishop of Lincoln and Bishop of London, jurist, and antiquary.

Early life and career

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He was born in Bampton, Westmorland. In 1686 he was entered a scholar at Queen's College, Oxford.[1] Shortly after Thomas Tenison's elevation to the see of Canterbury in 1694 Gibson was appointed chaplain and librarian to the archbishop, and in 1703 and 1710 respectively he became rector of Lambeth and archdeacon of Surrey.[2]

Episcopal career

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In 1716 Gibson was presented to the see of Lincoln, whence he was in 1723 translated to London. For twenty-five years he exercised influence, being consulted by Sir Robert Walpole on ecclesiastical affairs.[2]

While a conservative in church politics, and opposed to Methodism, he was no persecutor, and indeed broke with Walpole on the Quakers' Relief Bill of 1736. He exercised oversight over the morals of his diocese; and his denunciation of the masquerades which were popular at court finally lost him the royal favour.[2] He served as a founding governor of a charity called the Foundling Hospital. His endorsement can be seen as significant since the Foundling Hospital, created by royal charter, was the nation's first non-church initiated institution to target this sort of social ill.

Gibson died in 1748, and is buried at All Saints Church, Fulham, London.

Works

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Funerary monument, All Saints, Fulham, London

In 1692 Gibson published an edition of the Saxon Chronicle with a Latin translation, indices and notes, and later a similar translation of the Lindsey Chronicle. These were followed in 1693 by an annotated edition of the De institutione oratoria of Quintilian, and in 1695 by a translation of William Camden's Britannia, with additions and improvements, for which he recruited a team of antiquaries including Edward Lhuyd, William Lloyd and John Smith.[2]

In the discussions which arose during the reigns of William and Anne relative to the rights and privileges of the Convocation, Gibson took a very active part, and in a series of pamphlets warmly argued for the right of the archbishop to continue or prorogue even the lower house of that assembly.[2]

The controversy suggested to him the idea of those researches which resulted in the Codex juris ecclesiastici Anglicani, published in two volumes folio in 1713, a work which discusses more learnedly and comprehensively than any other the legal rights and duties of the English clergy, and the constitution, canons and articles of the English Church.[2] His substantial collection of pamphlets on which his research is based are housed at Lambeth Palace Library (where he began his clerical career as Librarian), as part of the Sion College Collection.[3]

Among the literary efforts of his later years the principal were a series of Pastoral Letters in defence of the gospel revelation, against lukewarmness and enthusiasm, and on various topics of the day; also the Preservative against Popery, in 3 vols. folio (1738), a compilation of numerous controversial writings of eminent Anglican divines, dating chiefly from the period of James II.[2]

A second edition of the Codex juris, revised and improved, with large additions by the author, was published at Oxford in 1761. Besides the works already mentioned, Gibson published a number of Sermons, and other works of a religious and devotional kind. The Vita Thomae Bodleii with the Historia Bibliothecae Bodleianae in the Catalogi librorum manuscriptorum (Oxford, 1697),[4] and the Reliquiae Spelmannianae (Oxford, 1698), are also from his pen.[2]

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References

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  1. ^ Alumni Oxonienses 1500-1714, Gabel-Gilmore
  2. ^ a b c d e f g h Chisholm 1911.
  3. ^ "Printed Books | LAMBETH PALACE LIBRARY". www.lambethpalacelibrary.org. Retrieved 18 January 2017.
  4. ^ Catalogi librorum manuscriptorum Angliæ et Hiberniæ in unum collecti, cum indice alphabetico (in Latin). Oxford: Sheldonian Theatre. 1697.
Church of England titles
Preceded by Bishop of Lincoln
1716–1723
Succeeded by
Preceded by Bishop of London
1723–1748
Succeeded by